For the first time Rocket Lab is aiming to recover part of its Electron rocket when the mission planned for Friday launches from the Mahia Peninsula.
Chief executive Peter Beck said the company hopes to bring Electron's first stage back to Earth under a parachute system for a controlled water landing before it is collected by a company vessel.
He said if the attempt is successful, it will mark a major milestone for the business and will make Electron a reusable rocket for small satellite missions.
"Recovering the first stage of a small launch vehicle is uncharted territory. What we're trying to achieve with Electron is an incredibly difficult and complex challenge, but one we're willing to pursue to further boost launch cadence and deliver even more frequent launch opportunities to small satellite operators," Beck said in a statement.
The "Return to Sender" mission is Rocket Lab's 16th Electron launch and it will deploy "30 payloads for a range of small satellite customers to a 500km sun-synchronous orbit, with the recovery attempt a secondary objective of the launch", Beck said.
While bringing the first stage back intact was the ultimate goal, the mission would be regarded as successful if it also gathered a lot more data.
Electron's first stage will undertake the following complex manoeuvres on its journey back to Earth:
Two minutes after lift-off, at an altitude of around 80km, Electron's first and second stages will separate per standard mission procedure. Electron's second stage will continue into orbit, where the kick stage will separate and deploy the satellites
With the engines shut down on Electron's first stage, a reaction control system will re-orient the stage 180 degrees to place it on an ideal angle for re-entry, designed to enable it to survive the incredible heat and pressure known as "the wall" during its descent to Earth
After slowing to less than Mach 2 speed, a drogue parachute will be used to increase drag and to stabilise the first stage as it descends
In the final part of the descent, a large main parachute will be used to further slow the stage and enable a controlled splashdown
A Rocket Lab vessel will retrieve the stage
Electron's first stage is equipped with guidance and navigation hardware, a reaction control system and onboard flight computer systems to support a recovery.
If Rocket Lab's recovery programme is successful, Electron would become the first and only reusable orbital-class small launch system in operation, the company said.
RNZ
