Google is blocking ad targeting based on the age, gender or interests of people under 18, the company said.
It also said it would turn off its "location history" feature, which tracks location data, for users under 18 globally.
It will further expand the types of age-sensitive ad categories that are blocked for users up to 18 and will turn on safe searching filters for users up to that age.
A new policy for all under-18s and their parents or guardians to request the removal of the young person's images from Google Image search results is being implemented, the company said in a blog post, as part of several changes regarding young users.
Major online platforms have long been under scrutiny from lawmakers and regulators over their sites' impact on the safety, privacy and wellbeing of younger users.
"Some countries are implementing regulations in this area, and as we comply with these regulations, we're looking at ways to develop consistent product experiences and user controls for kids and teens globally," said Mindy Brooks, Google's general manager for kids and families.
Online platforms' approach to younger users has been in the spotlight in recent months as US lawmakers and attorneys general slammed Facebook's plans to create a kids-focused version of Instagram.
Facebook recently announced changes to ad targeting of under 18s, though its advertisers can still target these younger users based by age, gender or location.
Google's video-streaming site YouTube said in the coming weeks it would change the default upload setting to its most private option for teens aged 13-17, where content is seen only by the user and people they choose.
Users will still be able to decide to make their content public.
YouTube will also remove "overly commercial content" from its YouTube Kids app, "such as a video that only focuses on product packaging or directly encourages children to spend money," said the site's kids and family product management director, James Beser.
YouTube Kids was called a "wasteland of vapid, consumerist content" by a US government committee earlier this year.
"We'll also be adding an autoplay option on YouTube Kids and turning autoplay off by default in the app," Beser said.
"In the coming months, we'll also be launching additional parental controls in the YouTube Kids app, including the ability for a parent to choose a "locked" default autoplay setting."
